I had to intervene with an aggressive tram passenger last Saturday night. He was threatening to punch another passenger. I told him not to. It ended about as well as I could have hoped: no one got hurt, and the aggressor got off the tram.
Afterwards I did some reading about bystander intervention and de-escalation techniques. I was even thinking about writing a blog post about it. Library patrons can sometimes act up and be violent. I still remember seeing a patron at the State Library of Victoria swear, throw a chair across the public access computer desks, then sit down as if nothing had happened.
So intervening and de-escalation are good skills for librarians to have.
But… I just don’t have the heart in me to write about it now. The confrontation on Saturday left me sad and annoyed. I posted a big long rant about it on Facebook, and now I just want to not think about it for a while.
Maybe I’ll come back to it later. Or maybe I’ll get caught up in uni assignments and forget all about it.
In the meantime, have something utterly charming: a 20 minute documentary about the Reykjavík downtown library:
It’s made by by Jiaqian Chen, a Chinese national who vlogs about living in Iceland.
That library looks utterly gorgeous.
Also, it seems like every second person in Iceland is some sort of musician. One of my favourite bands in the world is Icelandic: Kaelan Mikla make excellent gothy synth-punk.
I guess I need to add Reykjavík to my list of cities I need to visit when international travel resumes.
Some freeform blogging. Some bits and pieces, mostly.
I’m currently knee-deep in uni work and assignments.
I used to roll my eyes at RMIT’s Information Management course being part of their School of Business, and the business subjects that were compulsory because of that. So it’s a bit embarrassing to find myself using things I’m learning in my Business Analytics and Knowledge Management classes in my day job.
How to write a literature review… using AI flashcards!
One of my biggest frustrations with uni is constantly thinking “this topic is really interesting – I wish I had time to really learn it properly”. I’m two-thirds the way through a Masters degree and I still don’t understand how to write a proper literature review, let alone how to catalogue an item, or set up a digital repository.
So when I saw a video on how to write a literature review posted to Twitter, I made some time to watch it.
It’s presented by Scholarcy, which is a tool for using AI to parse and summarise research papers.
Again: that sounds really interesting. I wish I had time to learn about it properly. 😁
During the video, a slew of other interesting research tools get mentioned. I’m posting them here because they sound cool. I have most definitely NOT had time to look at them yet:
Connectedpapers.com shows relationships between academic papers in a visual graph
Scite.ai lets you check how a paper has been cited, and if it’s findings have been supported or contrasted by others
Semanticscholar.org applies artificial intelligence to extract the meaning from the scientific literature allowing scholars to navigate research much more efficiently than a traditional search engine
App.2dsearch.com – lets you search multiple databases using a visual query builder, instead of the traditional Boolean strings
AI in the library
There’s nothing like being busy to stimulate your mind with projects that you don’t have time for. I’ve been procrastinating from uni work by thinking it might be fun to write a summary of the way AI is being used in libraries.
This would be a really interesting project, and I absolutely do not have time for it.
So here’s a scrapbook of some things I’ve read when I should really be reading things for uni:
WHEN YOUR BOSS IS A ROBOT Amazon doesn’t trust its self-driving cars to do their deliveries, but they’re happy to let their alogrthms schedule and monitor their huamn drivers. Hugh Rundle has annoted his readings on the way algorithms replacing middle management, monitoring workers performance and punishing them if they fall outside the parameters.
STOP CALLING EVERYTHING AI Current “AI” can do basic pattern recognition, but is a long way from approaching human insight and creativity. This artilce is a profile if Professor Michael I. Jordan, a leading researcher in AI and machine learning at the University of California, Berkeley.
WHY COMPUTERS WON’T MAKE THEMSELVES SMARTER Science fiction writer Ted Chiang on the logical flaw in thinking that an intelligent machine will be intelligent enough to make itself even more intelligent.
She talked about how the new interactive, multimedia Learning Lab opened in February 2020… and then had to close the next month as COVID restrictions came into force.
Rather than letting their educational and programs team go, as some other museums did, the Learning Lab team pivoted to presenting museum material online. This involved providing staff with over 20 sessions of digital literacy training, from video editing and animation to documentary filmmaking and how to present to camera.
Now that things are reopening, the team is struggling to continue providing events and content both online and onsite. There’s a need for both, but they still only have the same resources and number of staff as before.
You can read my live-tweeting of the event on my Twitter.
I’m back to my Masters degree in a couple of weeks, after taking a year off.
I didn’t plan to take a year off. Actually, I was planning to finish my Masters last year. After a rocky year in 2019 (my father passed away), I said in January 2020 that “finishing my Masters will be hard work, but do-able, provided nothing bad happens.”
Hm.
Anyway, I’m back at it come March the 1st.
I haven’t really been thinking about libraries for a while now. I mean, I work for a library software vendor, so obviously I have. But it’s been in a very narrow, focused-on-my-work way, not in a broad, high-level thinking-about-the-future-of-libraries-and-the-role-they-play-in-society way.
Then a friend asked on Twitter what the traditional and emerging areas of academic librarianship are, and suddenly I was off researching like a good little LIS student.
(I may also have been procrastinating during a long day at work.)
My first stop was ALIA’s list of competencies for their Research/Academic Specialisation (members-only link). It’s quite a long list, but a bit vague. I’d have to research what each of those competencies actually mean before I could actually set about acquiring the relevant skills.
ALIA also have their Future of the LIS Profession reports from 2013, with updates in 2017. A few themes still apply: the move to digital collections, the need for digital literacy, the importance of the library as a space for students rather than as a place to store books.
I didn’t find a nice, neat report from CAUL (the Council of Australian University Librarians). But reading over their communities of practice gives an idea of what their members are thinking about: digital dexterity, research support & repositories, and library value & impact.
But the best article I found was this one: a summary by ACRL (the Association of College & Research Libraries) on 2020 top trends in academic libraries.
You should read the whole thing. It’s short and clear. But as a summary, the trends they identify are:
Change management – the role of libraries is changing rapidly, and librarians need to the skills to manage that process.
Evolving integrated library systems – big software vendors continue to buy up smaller vendors, leading to fears that customers will get locked into vendor-specific platforms. Open source solutions like FOLIO may be a way forward.
Learning analytics – collecting data about how students learn (such as how they use libraries) could help improve the quality of teaching, but raises ethical concerns about collecting such personal data.
Machine learning and AI – AI opens the possibility of fast, automated analysis and cataloguing of collections. But AI has a history of perpetuating biases.
Open access – universities are pushing back against the high prices charged by eJournal vendors, and looking at more equitable and open ways to publish research
Research Data Services (RDS) – the movement towards FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable) data is gaining support, but there is still work to do in establishing the skills and systems needed.
Social justice, critical librarianship, and critical digital pedagogy – the need for libraries and librarians to examine the way our work reproduces bias and excludes marginalised groups continues. LIS schools
Streaming media – as streaming media plays a larger role in university courses, academic libraries need to manage the costs and accessibility of such material
Student wellbeing – as students become more stressed and burdened with problems, libraries are creating spaces where students can relax, learn stress management techniques, and pat some therapy dogs.
I haven’t updated this blog since February. And this post has nothing to do with libraries.
2020 was not a good year.
I spent most of it in lockdown because of the pandemic. I was separated from my partner for 8 months because of travel restrictions. Two people I cared about passed away. And I took a leave of absence from my Masters degree because I just couldn’t concentrate.
Roleplaying was one of the few bright points in a crap year.
Despite everything that was happening, I still managed to run more roleplaying sessions this year than in the previous 3 years combined.
Partly that was just logistical: with Melbourne in lockdown, my friends were more available.
Partly that was technological: roleplaying works pretty well over Discord, I discovered.
But mostly it was a big shift in how I prepare for roleplaying sessions. My brain just wasn’t up to writing the level of detailed notes and handouts I normally do. So I embraced that, and practiced no-prep GMing.
How I got started
A friend ran some Call of Cthulhu over Discord, which got me thinking about running some roleplaying of my own on that service. But when I sat down to write something, I found it too hard to focus.
And then my copy of Wolfspell arrived in the mail.
It’s a game about people who turn themselves into wolves to complete some dire quest. But the nature of that quest is determined during character creation. Which means you can’t write the scenario ahead of play.
My big insight was that I didn’t have to.
I’d been using the Hollow Woods cards as a creative writing exercise: draw three cards, one each for the beginning, middle and end.
I realised that I could do something similar for Wolfspell: the first scene of the game would obviously be them turning into wolves. Then I could draw three cards for what obstacles they encounter on their way to complete the quest, with the final scene being the climactic confrontation.
It worked. It worked well enough that I decided to run more one-shot games using this sort of structure. I ended up ditching the cards and relying more on the setting to decide the encounters.
Tip 1: Set a clear goal
A clear goal gives the game direction and excitement.
If players are interested in achieving the goal, they’ll overlook a flubbed scene or the occasional plot hole, provided the adventure is driving them towards the big climax.
A clear goal also gives you, the GM, the information you need to start extrapolating the scenario. What’s the setting? Who is the main bad guy? Where is their base? What do the characters have to do to reach that base?
Most of the games that I ran were one-page RPGs that had the goal baked-in to the design:
In The Witch is Dead, a witch’s familiars try to sneak into a nearby village to hunt down the Witch Hunter who killed their mistress, and pluck out his eyes to bring her back to life.
In Sepulchure, a band of thieves try to sneak into the mansions of the rich high elves that rule the city to steal powerful magic relics.
In Lasers & Feelings, the crew of the scout ship Raptor try to defend the Consortium of Planets against dangers from space.
But here’s some general goals if you need help setting one yourself:
Assassinate the enemy general
Defend the outpost against invaders
Destroy the cursed artefact before the evil sorcerer can use it
Reclaim your ancestral treasure from marauders
Rescue the kidnapped princess/heiress/senator
Stop cultists from performing the evil ritual
Tip 2: Use a five-scene structure
This is the core of my approach to zero-prep gaming. Once we have the goal and the setting, I slot in the appropriate elements for each of the five scenes below.
The idea is that each scene should take about half an hour to play through. It may vary depending on your group.
Set up: Introduce the setting, the bad guys, and the goal.
Travel through the wilderness: encounter a setting-appropriate obstacle
Approaching the enemy base: How will the characters get past the antagonist’s minions?
Climax: Confront the bad guy. Complete the quest.
Outcome: What happens now that the characters succeeded or failed?
Tip 3: Slather on the aesthetic
Every setting has its own set of tropes and clichés. If you were making high art, you’d want to avoid or subvert them. But this is roleplaying. Embrace them! They will help orient your players to the setting and the genre expectations, and they’ll provide you with a list of locations and encounters to use.
Don’t forget the atmospherics, too: mentioning the woad on a Celtic warrior or the smoke circling in a jazz club help make the setting feel vivid and alive.
(Unfortunately, a lot of settings and genres have their share of racist, sexist or homophobic clichés. Skip those.)
It’s not strictly zero-prep, but I found it useful to write down a list of setting elements that I could throw in as needed. Here are some examples:
Siege of Stalingrad: Russians versus Nazis, ruined buildings, military camps, barbed wire, snipers, hunger, snow.
Hadrian’s Wall: Picts versus Romans, stone circles, Roman forts, ancient gods, battlefields, woad, ravens
Gothic Horror: innocents versus the depraved, creaking stairs, locked rooms, creepy servants, ghosts, candelabras, mist.
Space Opera: peacekeepers versus space tyrants, space stations, lost planets, starfighters, alien monsters, high technology, ancient alien artefacts
Pirates: pirates versus the Royal Navy, wild seas, desert islands, storms, sea monsters, treasure maps, skulls.
Noir: criminals versus the police, seedy bars, back alleys, car chases, betrayals, trench coats, jazz.
High Fantasy: Good versus Evil, forests, castles, magic swords, dragons, prophecies, elves
Weird Fantasy: the poor versus the rich, factories, temples, tentacles, crime, masks, masks, decay.
Tip 4: Set up an memorable bad guy
This is really an extension of Tip 3. But a striking, well-defined antagonist makes the game exciting and perhaps even meaningful.
One of the mistakes I made with that first Wolfspell game was that I didn’t introduce the antagonist until the climatic scene at the end, so the players didn’t really feel a connection with him. Now I try to have them appear in the first scene, as per Tip 2 above, so that the players know who they’re up against.
Need some help creating a memorable bad guy? Pick a Style and a Goal from the tables below.
Style:
Rigid and military – military uniform, lack of emotion
Decadent and extravagant – jewellery, ornate clothing/armour/spacesuit, exotic pet
Suave and scholarly – dark suit, goatee, glasses, book
Savage and angry – muscles, leather, tattoos, chains
Disturbingly kind and polite – white clothes, broad smile, a cup of tea
Strange and inhuman – face hidden by scarf or mask, tentacles, cyborg*
* Avoid the James Bond/Star Wars cliché of having deformity = evil
Goal:
Amusement – they think bloodshed and slaughter is entertaining
Civilisation – they want to impose law and order on the rabble and barbarians
Despair – they are so heartbroken they want to destroy the entire world
Envy – they want something that someone else has (a throne, a treasure, a love…)
Faith – they want the world to worship their One True Faith
Glory – they want to history to remember their deeds
Greed – they want wealth and power
Revenge – they want vengeance on someone who wronged them
Tip 5: Make the player’s choices matter
The five-scene structure could be pretty railroad-y if you’re not careful. Here’s three ways I introduced some choice for the players.
Which path do they take?
Give players the choice of which path they take through the wilderness in Scene 2.
To cross the dark forest, do they follow the paved road (which might be watched), or do they follow the river (where they might get lost)?
Do they fly their spaceship straight at the enemy space station, or do they try and sneak up on it through the asteroid belt?
How do they deal with danger?
Generally, there’s four ways characters can handle the dangers they encounter: talk, sneak, fight or run away. Let them choose and roll the dice.
I like to give out bonuses to dice rolls if the players take the time to describe how they rig the situation in their favour. “I throw sand in his eyes, and stab him while he’s distracted!” “I swing on the chandeliers to escape!”
I also play it that failing a skill roll means the situation gets worse, rather than an absolute failure: they try to sneak past the guard dogs but they step on a squeaky floorboard, or they try to shoot down the alien space fighters but the force field generator overloads. I let players choose if they want to try again, usually with some penalty, or quit and get the hell out of there.
The final decision: which side are they on?
The climax should be more than a big fight with the bad guy. Have the antagonist explain the conflict from their point of view, and make the players decide if they want to stick to the original mission or change sides.
Some examples:
The invading general explains the benefits that his civilisation can provide, such as medicine, clean water and education. Do the characters assassinate him, or join him?
The cult leader gives the characters a glimpse of the bliss and peace that her gods provide. Do they join the cult, or eliminate it?
The bandit king tells the character that their tribal elders killed his family. Will they join him in extracting revenge, or finish the job the elders started?
The ancient evil artefact offers unlimited powers. Do the characters destroy it, or use its powers for themselves?
The princess wasn’t kidnapped by the prince of the rival kingdom, she eloped. Do the characters bring her back against her will, or let love go free?
The limits of these techniques
These techniques work best with quest-style adventures. I haven’t tried running a zero-prep mystery game like Call of Cthulhu, for example. I’m sure there’s ways to do it, I just haven’t thought of them.
I also focused on games that were meant to be played in a single session. Some games ended up running for two sessions, usually because players got tired before we reached the climax.
Our Sepulchre game ran for 4 sessions, and grew from a simple fantasy heist to the epic return of an ancient nautilus god. I ended up doing some prep for that game, but it was usually half an hour before the session started, frantically scribbling notes and leaning heavily on the aesthetic to make the session come alive.
If you want more…
If you’re interested in more advice on running zero-prep games, take a look at The Prepless Game Master by Paul Camp.
I mostly ran one-page RPGs this year, because I feel very strongly that you shouldn’t spend more time reading rules than you do actually playing the game.
I have four subjects to go until I finish my Masters. And I’ve doubled my study load, from one subject per semester to two, to try and finish my Masters by the end of the year.
I’ll still be working full time, so it’ll be interesting to see how I cope with the workload.
The truth is, I’ve spent the last two years aiming at and working towards my placement at the National Library of Scotland. And now that that has been and gone, the rest of my course feels like an anti-climax. I’ve already spent three years on this Masters, and I’m not too keen on spending two more. There are other things I want to do.
Business Analytics is a compulsory subject. I’m hoping it will be either stuff I already know from my management experience, or genuinely new and useful material. I’ve enrolled in the Online version of this subject because the face-to-face lecture is on at 2:30pm on Fridays, which isn’t very friendly to those of us with jobs.
The Information Management Research Project is an elective, and I’m extremely excited about this one. We get to choose a topic! And research it! I am totally going to use this to learn a skill that will be useful in my future career as a systems librarian!
My current plan is to write something about how libraries implement a new library management system.
I’ll need to refine that. It might be a review of project management methodologies, or a case study of a particular implementation, or the selection process, or… I don’t know yet.
Some of that will depend on the sort of resources I can find. I fully intend to use this project as an excuse to compile a list of the journals and books and organisations I should be following as a systems librarian.
(I currently use keep.google.com to keep track of things like this, but it’s looking less and less like a neatly-ordered refernce and more and more like a jumble of post-it notes. Knowledge management takes work.)
One area of LMS implementation I’m interested in is change management. I read this thread on Twitter about change management in libraries, and why staff might resist change.
Somewhere in the thread was a link to this book: Change Management for Library Technologists: A LITA Guide by Courtney McAllister. It’s a guide to managing the changes around library technology. I want a copy. But $70 is not cheap for a book. I might see if any libraries have a copy. 😉
This is a repost of the blog entry I wrote for the Unlocking Our Sound Heritage project’s Safe and Sound blog.
Glasgow is a long way from Australia.
Yet when I had to choose a library for the industry placement part of my Masters of Information Management at RMIT University in Melbourne, my heart leapt at the possibility of doing it at the National Library of Scotland.
Blame Iain Banks, Trainspotting, and Chvrches. I have a massive soft spot for Scotland.
My background is in IT, and I’m interested in how technology can help libraries make their collections more discoverable. After a lot of emails, staff at the National Library of Scotland found the perfect placement for me: the Unlocking Our Sound Heritage project.
The diagram I drew to help understand the OUSH workflow.
It’s a huge project, led by the British Library, to digitise, preserve, and put online half a million of the UK’s rare and unique sound recordings. The National Library is the project hub for Scotland, running out of their Kelvin Hall branch in Glasgow. The sheer amount of material that needs to be catalogued means that volunteers play an important part in the project, and my placement would be similar to the work the volunteers do.
I expected to learn about digitising audio tapes, cataloguing them, and clearing the copyright.
I didn’t expect to learn the difference between a Flying Scot (a type of bicycle made by David Rattray and Co.) and the Flying Scotsman (Graeme Obree, a record-setting cyclist famous for his homemade cycle Old Faithful).
I didn’t expect to learn about the hierarchy of roles a young glassmaker at Edinburgh Crystal worked through in their career, from taker-in to gatherer to ball-blower.
But you can’t describe recordings without listening to them. Some of this knowledge I picked up from the interviews themselves. Some of it I learnt by frantically Googling to try and understand what the interviewers were talking about – there’s a lot of detective work in cataloguing.
And as I’ve worked my way through these collections, I’ve developed an odd, protective love for them. Scottish fiddle music may not be my favourite type of music, but I can see the similarities between a self-released cassette of Strathspeys and reels with a hand-drawn cover and the DIY punk music that’s more my tastes.
My placement has covered the technical aspects of digitising collections that I expected. I spent an afternoon with the audio engineer, learning how much manual work goes into handling open reel tapes. I learnt the workflow that will turn Excel spreadsheets into metadata accessible via the British Library website. And I’ve sat in on head-scratching discussions on how to convert files and metadata formatted for one computer database into files and metadata that can be used by a different computer database.
Me wearing my UOSH volunteers t-shirt.
It’s been fascinating and educational. It’s knowledge that will help me in my career as a systems librarian. And I’ve met some wonderful and dedicated people.
The thing I come back to, though, is the realisation I had working my way through the boxes of oral histories and traditional music. These collections aren’t just tapes and boxes and Excel spreadsheets. These are people sharing the culture that they love.
It’s been a privilege to play a part in helping them.
(I wrote this review of last Friday’s cardiParty as part of an assignment for my Masters. I thought I might as well repost it here.)
Last Friday I attended a tour of the Museum of Broken Relationships organised by newCardigan.
NewCardigan describe themselves as “a social and professional group for people who work in galleries, libraries, archives and museums – and for those who like hanging around with GLAM types.”
One of the events they organise are monthly cardiParties, which are a tour of a library, gallery or museum, followed by drinks, dinner and socialising at a nearby pub. I’ve been to several cardiParties in the past, including tours of PBS FM’s music library, Incendium Radical Library in Footscray, and the Australian Lesbian and Gay Archives in St. Kilda.
This month’s cardiParty was a tour of the Museum of Broken Relationships exhibition at No Vacancy gallery. I noticed quite a few RMIT students were there.
Me being me, I livetweeted the tour. (Me being me, I left my glasses at work and so it’s full of typos.)
The Museum collects items and stories that mark the end of relationships. It started as an art installation by an ex-couple, but now it’s a physical building in Croatia, with exhibitions that tour the world. The items are mostly pretty humble: a jar of buttons, a dress, a handful of lollies. The stories range from the funny to the heart-rending.
The No Vacancy gallery manager gave a talk that covered the history of the gallery, her career, and the story of the Museum of Broken Relationships. We had some time to explore the exhibition. Then the newCardgian committee raced through their Annual General Meeting, including announcing their new President.
Business concluded, we all decamped to the Moat for food and drink.
Which is an important part of cardiParties. Seeing different institutions and hearing about the philosophies behind them is fascinating. But sharing a drink and chat with fellow GLAMers is what builds a community.
Interesting article from the University of Melbourne’s Pursuit magazine about how China and Russia are using museums and galleries as a way to expand their soft power in diplomatic relationships:
(This white paper defines soft power as ‘the ability to influence the behaviour or thinking of others through the power of attraction and ideas’ )
The soft power article made me think about this Guardian article about Harvey Weinstien and how ‘ostentatious, targeted philanthropy’ was one of the ways he tried to repair his reputation.
Are international art exchanges neutral?
Or is there an ethical dimension to participating in these programs?
China jails democracy activists. The Russian government is accused of killing journalists. Is collaborating with K11 or the Hermitage also whitewashing the crimes of these regimes, in the way Weinstein tried to whitewash his crimes?
From the Guardian:
‘In Weinstein’s case, intended beneficiaries were, effectively, cast as accomplices in Bloom’s Rose [McGowan]-persecution schedule. But at other times they might be helping purge historical links with, say, Vladimir Putin, with fascist organisations or with discreditable financial practices. You sometimes get the impression that, usefully for donors and their advisers, complacency on this point, and carelessness about complicity, is most likely in organisations whose motives are unassailably pure and high-minded.’
The author, Alissa, is a friend of mine and an inspiration. She argues passionately for the role of cataloguing and metadata in helping people get the best out of libraries.
“…my job is not directly user-facing. But it is user-focused. Everything I do as a librarian, I do for my library’s users…”
Look, I’ve been a manager. Budgets are a constant problem. There’s never as much money as you’d like, and sometimes you have to cut some services to keep other open. So I’m sympathetic to the Brisbane City Council Library Service prioritising front-of-house over cataloguing, simply because you can’t outsource front-of-house.
But metadata and cataloguing are still part of the overall user experience.
Which makes me think: most companies don’t keep a plumber or electrician on staff. They have a Facilities Manager who then hires in plumbers and electricians as needed.
Perhaps libraries could move to a similar model: a UX librarian on staff, who then works with shelf-ready providers to ensure the metadata is tailored to the needs of that particular library.
From the Medium piece: “At its core, librarianship is about discoverability. Librarians connect people with information and improve access. They are masters of service design thinking.”
(Now I’m thinking about becoming a UX Librarian one day. It’ll probably stop being trendy by the time I had the qualifications, though.)
Anyway… Alissa is awesome and you should totally read her blog and follow her on Twitter if you care about cataloguing, inclusiveness, and libraries serving their communities.
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